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[color=blue]Graphics Interchange Format[/color] known as GIF...

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From and credit to :

[color=red] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [/color]
"GIF" redirects here. For other uses, see GIF (disambiguation).Graphics Interchange Format
An example of a GIF image. The dithering process used to overcome the format's 256-color limitation makes the image appear coarse-grained.
The Graphics Interchange Format ([b]GIF[/b]) is an 8-bit-per-pixel bitmap image format that was introduced by CompuServe in 1987 and has since come into widespread usage on the World Wide Web due to its wide support and portability.
The format uses a palette of up to 256 distinct colors from the 24-bit RGB color space. It also supports animations and allows a separate palette of 256 colors for each frame. The color limitation makes the GIF format unsuitable for reproducing color photographs and other images with continuous color, but it is well-suited for more simple images such as graphics or logos with solid areas of color.
GIF images are compressed using the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) lossless data compression technique to reduce the file size without degrading the visual quality. This compression technique was patented in 1985. Controversy over the licensing agreement between the patent holder, Unisys, and CompuServe in 1994 inspired the development of the Portable Network Graphics ([b]PNG[/b]) standard; since then all the relevant patents have expired.
[b]JPEG[/b]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [b]also


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JPG redirects here. For the magazine, see JPG (magazine).JPEG
In computing, JPEG (pronounced JAY-peg; IPA: /ˈdʒeɪpɛg/) is a commonly used method of compression for photographic images. The name JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the name of the committee that created the standard. The group was organized in 1986, issuing a standard in 1992, which was approved in 1994 as ISO 10918-1. JPEG is distinct from[b] MPEG[/b] (Moving Picture Experts Group), which produces compression schemes for video.
[color=blue]The JPEG standard specifies both the codec[/color], which defines how an image is compressed into a stream of bytes and decompressed back into an image, and the file format used to contain that stream. The compression method is usually lossy compression, meaning that some visual quality is lost in the process and cannot be restored, although there are variations on the standard baseline JPEG that are lossless. There is also an interlaced [color=teal]"Progressive JPEG" format[/color], in which data is compressed in multiple passes of progressively higher detail. This is ideal for large images that will be displayed while downloading over a slow connection, allowing a reasonable preview after receiving only a portion of the data. However, progressive JPEGs are not as widely supported.
[color=red]The file format is known as 'JPEG Interchange Format'[/color], as specified in Annex B of the standard. This is often confused with the JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF), a minimal version of the JPEG Interchange Format that was deliberately simplified so that it could be widely implemented and thus become the de-facto standard.
The reason for this simplified version was that JPEG Interchange Format suffers from three shortcomings that prevent it from being easily understood and implemented:
Color Space definition
Component Sub-Sampling Registration definition
Pixel Aspect Ratio definition
In addition to JFIF, other standards have evolved to address these shortcomings, including 'Exchangeable image file format' (Exif) and ICC color profiles.
Image files that employ JPEG compression are commonly called "JPEG files". Most image editing software programs that write to a "JPEG file" are actually creating a file in JFIF format.[1]
The most common filename extensions for this format are .jpg and .jpeg, though .jpe, .jfif and .jif are also used. It is also possible for JPEG data to be embedded in other file types, such as TIFF format images.
JPEG/JFIF is the format most used for storing and transmitting photographs on the World Wide Web. For this application, JPEG/JFIF is far superior to GIF, which uses a palette with a maximum limit of 256 distinct colors (most color photographs contain many thousands or even millions of distinct colors). JPEG/JFIF is also preferred to PNG, which produces much larger image files for this type of image due to its lossless compression.
[color=blue]The JPEG compression algorithm is[/color] not as well suited for line drawings and other textual or iconic graphics, and thus the PNG and GIF formats are preferred for these types of images.
The MIME media type for JPEG is image/jpeg (defined in RFC 1341).

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Last edited by asn585 (2008-03-24 18:08:03)